How to grow grapes from cuttings: basic methods and recommendations

There are various ways to grow grapes, but the cutting method available at home is the cutting method. Multiply Even a novice winegrower can make grapes this way. It is necessary to be able to properly prepare, store and root cuttings.

Content:

• Preparation of material: features of harvesting in autumn and spring
• Growing conditions and rooting of cuttings
• Pre-planting preparation: pitching
• Landing in the ground
• Caring for seedlings after planting

Preparation of material: features of harvesting in autumn and spring

Preparation of cuttings for cultivation must be done in the fall. Some winegrowers prepare in the spring before the sap flows. When harvesting material in the fall, not all branches can survive the winter, and you won’t have to look for places for the cut vine.

If cuttings are cut in the spring, then it is necessary to take a mature vine. Each branch should have 2-3 eyes. The material is placed in a bucket of water, a growth stimulator is added and left for a day. Next, take a glass jar and put cotton wool on the bottom. Pour some water into the jar. Then add potassium permanganate and wood ash to the container and mix. The vine is lowered into the prepared container and water is added as needed.

If the procedure is performed correctly, the first roots can be detected in 10-14 days. This is how spring harvesting is carried out. Cherenkov. If the material is harvested in the fall, then the optimal time for this is September-October. The thickness of the branch should be at least 7-10 mm, and the length should be about 65 cm. There should be about 4-5 buds on it.

The vine is cleaned, leaves and tendrils are trimmed. The lower part of the branch must be cut off under the node. Pruning is done in the upper part, leaving a distance of 3-4 cm from the eye. After this, immerse the vine in water for a day and disinfect it using copper sulfate. Next, dip the workpiece material into liquid paraffin to prevent moisture from evaporating through the cuts. After processing, place the cuttings in bags and store in a cool room.

You can germinate cuttings in plastic glasses. Take 3-4 large glasses and make holes in the bottom. Next, put humus and turf soil in a layer of about 2 cm. Place a smaller glass on the top of a large glass, having previously cut out the bottom. Pour sand between the walls of the containers and water. Remove the small glass.

To place the cutting, you need to make a recess of about 4 cm. To do this, you can use a regular stick. After the cutting is placed in the sand, it needs to be watered and sprinkled with sand on top. At the final stage, cover the container with a plastic bottle without a bottom. The seedlings are watered every day. When 4 sheets appear, the bottle is removed.

Growing conditions and rooting of cuttings

You can store cuttings in trenches, in the cellar or in the refrigerator. Dig a trench to a depth of about 80 cm and the same width. Place the cuttings vertically and pour 30-40 cm of soil on top. When storing in a cellar, pour wet sand or sawdust into a plastic bag and put stalk.

The optimal temperature for storing cuttings is 0-+5 degrees.Fertilizing is carried out a few days after planting the cuttings. Potassium or wood ash are used as fertilizers. The cuttings are watered with a small amount of water; it is important not to allow the soil to become waterlogged.

The best time for rooting cuttings is February-March. Cuttings are taken out from storage places and their safety is assessed. When harvested correctly, the cut of the vine should be green, without signs of mold or dark spots.

After selecting the cuttings, update the sections: 5 mm from the lower bud, and from the top slightly obliquely 1-2 cm above the bud. Next, furrowing is carried out. In the lower part, make several scratches with a sharp knife or needle, no more than 3 cm. After this, the cuttings are dipped in a solution of potassium permanganate and soaked for 2 days in water. Then the cuttings are treated with a special root growth stimulator. You can use sodium humate, humisol, heteroauxin, etc.

Pre-planting preparation: pitching

To speed up the development of roots, kilching is carried out. This technique involves creating a high temperature for the lower part of the plant and a low temperature for the top. In this case, the eyes in the upper part of the plant are delayed in development, and root growth is accelerated.

Kilching can be carried out in greenhouses with top heating, in boxes with sawdust or old buckets dug into the ground. Root at home seedlings Available in plastic bottles or paper cups. Cut off the top of the bottle and make drainage holes at the bottom. Disinfect sawdust and pour into a container. Next, place the cutting and cover it with sawdust up to the first eye. Place the container with cuttings on the radiator near the window.

Video about preparing cuttings for rooting:

You can use paper glasses without a bottom, the height of which will be 15-20 cm and the width about 6-7 cm. Fill the container with humus and sand in equal quantities. Next, place the cuttings and place the cups on the tray. Place in this form in a sunny place. Watering is done with warm water every other day. After the leaves appear, they are planted in open ground.

Landing in the ground

The area where grape cuttings will be planted should be located in a lighted and well-ventilated place. In order for the seedlings to take root and develop better, it is necessary to plant them on light, loose soil with a sufficient amount of fertilizer.

After spring frosts, at the end of May, seedlings are planted in open ground. The distance between them should be about 20 cm, and between the rows about 40 cm. Before planting, the roots need to be trimmed by 5-7 mm to stimulate the development of the root system and improve the survival rate of the grapes. Place the cutting at the bottom of the hole. In this case, the roots should be carefully straightened and covered with soil. Next, compact the soil, water and cover seedling from the negative effects of sunlight.

If the cuttings have not been kilched, then the cuttings are stratified before planting. This procedure is carried out as follows: wrap the prepared cuttings with a damp cloth and leave in a warm room for 2 weeks. During this time, the buds should bloom, after which they can be planted in the school. Planting in open ground must be done before mid-May. If planted at a later date, the shoots may freeze with the onset of autumn.

Caring for cuttings

After planting, it is necessary to loosen the soil so that the roots receive sufficient air.You should water the roots regularly and abundantly. Row spacing is watered 3-4 times per season. It is recommended to combine watering with fertilizing. To avoid the development of diseases, the cuttings should be treated with Bordeaux mixture. The procedure should be carried out 2-3 times.

At the end of summer, watering is stopped and the tops of the shoots are pinched. This procedure is necessary for the shoots to ripen before frost. The plant must receive enough light. There is no need to shade the seedlings. Feeding performed several times a season: after the formation of the leaf plate and rapid growth of the vine in 2-3 weeks.

Foliar feeding is carried out using Urea - a special liquid fertilizer. It can be used every month until the beginning of autumn.