All about frost-resistant grape varieties

Grape
Recently, the hobby of viticulture has become especially popular among amateur gardeners. The ancient Greeks have long been engaged in grapes; they were praised and dedicated to the god of winemaking, Dionysus. Grapes have a refined taste and a number of beneficial properties.
Its berries are a powerful natural antioxidant that has a positive effect on the functioning of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, reproductive system and skin. Grape seeds have found their use in cosmetology. There is an entire science dedicated to grapes – ampelography. Many gardeners choose to grow frost-resistant varieties because they require less time and care.
Now there are quite a large number of technical varieties with high frost resistance, which are successfully used for making homemade wines, juices and compotes. Berries of these varieties are well consumed fresh. Frost-resistant grape varieties contain a large amount of sugar, and the resulting juice from grape berries is twice as much as from ordinary table varieties.
Content

The most frost-resistant grape varieties

The following varieties are considered the most frost-resistant:

  1. Amur grapes are a frost-resistant variety characterized by an average level of growth and early ripenessAnd.Berries contain up to 19 percent sugar. The shoots ripen quickly. Fruits almost all summer. Can withstand frosts down to -29 degrees. This variety is not afraid of either gray rot or grape moth.
  2. Marinovsky grapes are a type of grape obtained through hybridization. The berries are larger than average in weight, have a strong skin and an oval shape. There is little sugar in berries, only 4 percent. This variety is used for making dry wine and juices.
  3. Isabella is a table variety, which was also developed through selection. Quite popular in use for creating landscape design. Can withstand frosts of -32 degrees.
  4. Riesling is a wine variety used to make white wines. An unpretentious variety to grow and care for. Can tolerate frosts down to -26 degrees.
  5. Alpha is a variety bred through complex hybridization. The shoots ripen well, the grapes tolerate frost of -29 degrees. Resistant to grape moth and gray rot.
These are, of course, not all frost-resistant varieties. These are only the most famous and widespread varieties successfully grown in the northern parts of the country.

Productivity

Frost-resistant grapes

Frost-resistant grape varieties bear fruit very well. Harvest quality and frost resistance may decrease, ripening may be delayed, and even bushes may die in only one case - due to human intervention when overload occurs.
Grapes, which are overloaded with berries, give up all their nutrients only for their ripening. While the shoots begin to ripen poorly, and the wood and roots do not receive the necessary nutrition, the result is depletion of the bush and, as a consequence, its death.
All this means that grape yields should be normalized. How to do it: It's very simple. You just need to simply cut off the excess, preferably in early spring. The buds can dry out in the cold wind. Therefore, some buds may not bloom. The cause of kidney death can be not only desiccation, but also freezing.
With the arrival of spring, you need to carefully inspect your vineyards in order to identify dead buds and trim them.

Resistance of grape varieties to diseases and care for them

Experienced gardeners know that they need to give preference to grape varieties that are comprehensively resistant to diseases. Grapes can be environmentally friendly if the site maintains a good agricultural background and excludes the cultivation of unsustainable varieties. Highly resistant varieties need to be processed only once.
What is winter without snow? But it happens! There are snowless winters, although not often. In this case, uncovered varieties may be damaged by black frosts. Basically, such frosts strike precisely grape roots. In this case, the gardener is faced with the task not of getting a harvest, but of preserving and restoring the grapes.
First, with the arrival of spring, you need to pour warm water over the grapes. Then remove the grapes and place them on the ground. It is good to loosen and hill the soil, pin the grapes to it. To retain moisture, the top of the grapes must be covered with film or special material. This way the vine will give new life to the roots. Only the roots will be superficial.

Main characteristics of frost-resistant varieties

Frost-resistant grape variety

The beginning of the 21st century was marked by a breakthrough in the selection of high-quality wine grape varieties. They began to be incredibly resistant to diseases and frost.When choosing such varieties, the following characteristics must be taken into account:
  • High resistance to cold, diseases and parasites
  • High juice content
  • The amount of sugar is at least 20 percent
  • Extremely low level of hand structure
  • Maximum content of nutrients, vitamins and minerals in grapes

What gourmets note:

  • Juice output
  • Quality of taste
  • Sugar content in berries
  • Nutmeg flavor
  • Cold resistance, diseases and parasites

Advantages and disadvantages

Of course, the list of all the above varieties of modern grapes is far from complete. Today there are a lot of them, but only the most popular and best are given here. Many of them can tolerate frosts down to -40 degrees.
All of them are successfully used for making high quality wines and juices. No matter how they tolerate the cold, they require care in winter. Because it is difficult for young shoots to withstand low temperatures for a long time, because they are less stable than old shoots.
Since frost-resistant varieties contain characteristics that are responsible for producing high-quality wine, they may not look particularly attractive in appearance. The berries may look small and the clusters may be small in size. Many varieties are not eaten because of their unpleasant taste.

Application of frost-resistant grape varieties

Thanks to the fact that science does not stand still, selection is developing, and experts are delighting gardeners with more and more new varieties of frost-resistant grapes. They can be grown in a wide variety of climate zones.
These varieties are resistant to stress, adapt well and quickly to new conditions, all this cannot but affect the growth of their popularity among gardeners. The grape vine can be given any necessary shape, the vines can be intertwined with each other, alleys, all kinds of arches and galleries can be made from them.
Table and technical grape varieties are used for decorating gazebos, creating pleasant shade and coolness in hot summers.
Frost-resistant varieties of wine and table grapes are widely used for wine production and gardening, landscaping and decoration.
Watch a useful video about frost-resistant grape varieties:

Frost-resistant grapesFrost-resistant grape variety