Technology of growing sunflowers in the south of Ukraine: features of implementation

Sunflower belongs to the category of agricultural crops for which crop rotation is quite important. The technology of growing sunflowers in the south of Ukraine requires adherence to certain rules.

Content:

• What season to plant, how to choose soil and prepare for planting?
• Optimal temperature conditions, lighting, watering
• Care after landing
• Cultivation and care activities
• Growing technology

What season to plant, how to choose soil and prepare for planting?

Sunflowers are planted in spring. In most cases, seed planting is carried out from April 15, provided the air temperature reaches 6-8 degrees. You can also sow the crop from the 30th of the current month, provided the temperature reaches 10 degrees.

When planting seeds after May 15, you must ensure that the temperature is more than 15 degrees. This crop causes severe soil depletion. That is why its planting is carried out once every five years. The characteristics of soil treatment are directly influenced by what crop was planted previously.

When pre-planting barley, rye, oats or wheat, it is necessary to get rid of cereals and dicotyledonous annual weeds. To destroy weeds and preserve moisture in the soil, it is necessary to peel the soil. In autumn, the soil is plowed.

In early spring, after the snow has risen, disking and soil cultivation are carried out. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the depth is no more than 6 centimeters. Such treatment should be carried out only if the soil is sufficiently moistened. Immediately after harvesting, the stubble must be peeled.

For this purpose, a disc harrow is used, which has good tine cultivators. Thanks to this procedure, plant residues are crushed and embedded in the soil. When using a good disc harrow, the soil is covered in the first pass. Proper soil preparation is the key to successful cultivation. sunflower.

Optimal temperature conditions, lighting, watering

To ensure the full growth and development of a crop, it needs to provide optimal growing conditions. Full growth of this crop is observed at a temperature of 20-30 degrees. If its performance is reduced by several degrees, this will not negatively affect the growth of the plant.

If the temperature is more than 30 degrees, this can lead to the withering of the crop. Sunflower is a light-loving plant. However, this crop does not tolerate strong gusts of wind. That is why it is recommended to plant sunflowers under forest plantations. The plant is characterized by a fairly developed root system.

That is why it needs abundant watering. When growing sunflowers at home, it is recommended to carry out the procedure daily. If excessively high temperatures are observed, then watering the crop should be carried out in accordance with the level of drying of the soil. In order to get a high sunflower yield, it is necessary to provide proper care.

Care after landing

After landings seeds, it is recommended to fertilize the soil. For this purpose, mineral compositions are used, which must be scattered over the surface of the soil. To maintain moisture in the soil, you can mulch it. After carrying out these procedures, it is necessary to water the soil and wait for germination.

If sunflower is grown in fields, then it is necessary to treat the soil with herbicides. This will eliminate the possibility of premature weed control. When choosing fertilizers, it is best to give preference to options based on potassium and phosphorus. It is not recommended to use manure to feed seedlings.

This is explained by the fact that organic fertilizers contain large quantities of manure. To ensure high-quality pollination of plants, the use of potassium-phosphorus fertilizers is recommended. This will make it possible to ensure the highest possible yield. After the sunflower sprouts, it is imperative to weed it.

Cultivation and care activities

Growing and caring for sunflowers requires certain steps.

Elimination weed. The crop is overly sensitive to weeds. That is why its planting must be carried out only in clean areas. If weeds are in the field, this will cause excessive growth of the plant. It is recommended to use herbicides to control weeds.

Weeding the soil. Thanks to loosening the row spacing, not only weed control is ensured, but also air access to the root system is ensured, which will ensure full growth of the plant. The procedure is carried out when the first need arises, if a crust forms on the soil after precipitation.It is strictly forbidden to carry out the procedure within 1.5 months after planting the seeds.

It is also important not to forget the following points:

1. Pollination. In order to ensure high-quality pollination of sunflowers, it is recommended to install an apiary near the field.
2. Desiccation. When growing sunflowers, it is imperative to control the moisture content of the grain. If it is deficient, it is recommended to apply Reglon to sunflowers. The procedure is carried out only if the weather outside is dry and windless.

Video about sunflower cultivation technology:

When doing all of the above rules the farmer will be able to get the highest possible sunflower yield.

Growing technology

The technology for growing sunflowers in the south of Ukraine is quite simple. It consists of sequentially performing certain actions. First of all, this is surface tillage of the soil after its predecessors. Plowing is carried out after harvesting to a depth of 10 cm. Complex fertilizers are applied. This procedure is recommended to be carried out before plowing.

Plowing the soil and deep loosening without turning the layers. This procedure must be carried out immediately after applying fertilizers. Autumn cultivation. It is carried out when the need arises. Early spring booking. This is carried out if physical ripeness of the soil is observed in a layer of up to 5 centimeters.

It is important not to forget about:

• Application of nitrogen fertilizers. It is recommended to carry out this action immediately before planting seeds.
• Cultivation, the depth of which is 5 centimeters
• Treatment of seeds against diseases and pests. Carried out before planting using appropriate insecticides
• Sowing
• Pre-emergence application fertilizers
• Application of insurance herbicides
• Inter-row cultivation
• Installation of an apiary for crop pollination

Sunflower is a universal crop that needs proper care. To do this, you need to perform certain actions. The characteristics of growing sunflowers directly depend on the characteristics of the region. In the south of Ukraine, it is necessary to properly and carefully monitor sunflowers, which will eliminate the possibility of diseases and give a high yield.